top command and options

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The top program provides a dynamic real-time view of a running system. It can display system summary information as well as a list of processes or threads currently being managed by the Linux kernel.

Type the following command:

$ top

The top command used to display all the running and active real-time processes in ordered list and updates it regularly. Press ‘c‘ option in running top command, it will display absolute path of running process.

If you want to kill a running process then use kill command as - {kill -9 <process-id>}

Press (Shift+W) to save the running top command results under /root/.toprc.

OPTIONS

-u | -U :User-filter-mode as: -u | -U number or name

Display only processes with a user id or user name matching that given. The '-u' option matches on effective user whereas the '-U' option matches on any user (real, effective, saved, or filesystem).

Prepending an exclamation point ('!') to the user id or name instructs top to display only processes with users not matching the one provided.

$ top -u tarun

replace tarun with your username ;-)

-c :Command-line/Program-name toggle Starts top with the last remembered 'c' state reversed. Thus, if top was displaying command lines, now that field will show program names, and visa versa. See the 'c' interactive command for additional information. You can use this command to display absolute path of running process.

$ top -u tarun

-d :Delay-time interval as: -d ss.t (secs.tenths) Specifies the delay between screen updates, and overrides the corresponding value in one's personal configuration file or the startup default.

$ top -d 1

No screen capture, try it yourself ;-)

How can you save resources when instantiaing driver?

I asked on my previous post about what was wrong in instantiating driver on set up method? And here is the solution video on my YouTube channel (After 5 years of gap I finally added new video tutorial :)) The solution described on video tutorial uses following set up - public class BaseClassOnDemandDriverSetup { private WebDriver driver ; @BeforeMethod public void setupTest () { // Any other set up goes here } @AfterMethod public void teardown () { if ( driver != null ) { driver .quit() ; } } public WebDriver getDriver () { if ( driver == null ) { WebDriverManager. chromedriver ().setup() ; driver = new ChromeDriver() ; } return driver ; } }

Using chrome console to test xPath and css selectors

Since the advent of selenium there have been many plugin to test xPath / css selectors but you don’t need any of them if you have chrome browser. Using Chrome console you can test both xPath and css selectors. Launch website to be tested in chrome browser and hit F-12 and you would see chrome console opened in lower pane of application - Hit escape key and console would open another pane to write element locators - And now you can start writing xPath or css selectors in chrome console and test them - The syntax for writing css id - $$(“ ”) And hit the enter key. If your expression is right then html snippet of the application element corresponding to the css selector would be displayed - If you mouse over the html snippet in chrome console then it would highlight the corresponding element in application - If you want to clean console of previously written element selectors then just hit ctrl+L keys and chrome console would be empty again. Pro

Using xPath to reach parent of an element

Well, I am big fan of css locator my self there are times when css locators don't fit requirement. One such requirement is when you want to navigate to parent element of an element and may be parent of parent and even more. Unfortunately css locators don't provide any mechanism to navigate to parent of an element. See this for more. Of late I came across a scenario when I wanted to click on a link depending upon the text in a text box. Herein parent of text box and parent of link were at the same location. More over there could have been many such combinations in application. Fortunately I just need to pick first such instance and Web Driver any way considers only first instance when multiple locators are found matching an element. Element in question is in following html - Here I need to click on highlighted anchor on the basis of input element (which is also highlighted in image) Herein first I need to reach div parent (class = 'left couponmainarea

No Automated Testing

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